The word まま can be used in a sentence alongside nouns, verbs, and adjectives to express that the state of X remains unchanged, or that someone does something without changing X's state. Its exact translation is pretty heavily context dependent.
あのまま日本に残っていたら、もっと日本語が上手になっただろう。
If I had stayed in Japan as I was, I wonder if my Japanese would have gotten better.
このお菓子は、冷たいまま食べるより、電子レンジで温めた方がおいしく食べられますよ。
You can enjoy this candy more if you heat it up with an electric range, rather than eating it while still cold.
疲れていたので、電気をつけたまま寝てしまった。ネクタイもしたままだった。
Since I was sick, I went to sleep with the lights still on. My tie was still in place, too.
日本の家には、靴を履いたまま入ってはいけないということを知っていましたか。
Did you know that with Japanese houses, you must not enter them while still wearing your shoes?
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