Well, I've started on the first chapter of Tobira. I must say, it's definitely more challenging than Genki, which took a lot of time to explain each grammar point and only had 5-6 of them per chapter. Tobira tends to have 16 per chapter and only includes a small explanation with each point. I'm going to do my best to understand each one though, and that may mean consulting other references along the way. I'm also going to create one post per point to make it easier to keep track of them.
To describe what materials a noun is made of or made from, でできる or からできる can be used. Their use can kind of correspond to the English equivalent - でできる is used to say "made out of", and is appropriate when it's fairly obvious that the item is comprised of that material (like a log cabin, for example). からできる is used to say "made from", and is appropriate when it's not immediately evident, like in describing gasoline or plastic.
Furthermore, both できる and できている can be used, as well. できる is used for general statements, such as "Wine is made from grapes." できている is used for specific statements, such as "This ring is made from dragon glass." It helps to remember that ている is describing a current state.
この家は石でできている。
This house is made of stone.
ケーキはよくバターや粉や砂糖からできる。
Cakes are often made from butter, flour, and sugar.
アリスは木でできる小屋を売る。
Alice sells sheds that are made of wood.
スバルの誕生日のご飯は血からできていた。
Subaru's birthday dinner was made from blood.
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